Recycling sulfur with Brassica cover crops

S def wheat (Montana State)

Sulfur deficiency in wheat (left). Photo credit: Montana State University

Among the macronutrients, sulfur (S) doesn’t get a lot of attention. Before coal-fired power plants were forced to clean up their emissions, atmospheric deposition of S each year far exceeded most crops’ needs in most areas. The downside of cleaner air is increasing occurrence of S deficiencies. This can lower protein quality (see graph at bottom of post), bread wheat quality, and yield of many crops. It’s a downside most of us happily accept, but it does raise the issue of how to maintain adequate S levels on farms and cycle S most efficiently. Continue reading

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Weather “erraticization” (yes, I made up that word) and interseeding cover crops

After you say it a few times, “erraticization” starts to roll off the tongue, and I think it’s a pretty good word to describe the weather patterns we’ve been experiencing. Long Island had record-setting rains last week (>13″ in 24 hours), and here in Maine we’ve been getting a 4″ rain event just about every week, it seems.

These extreme rain events can lead to really bad erosion when precipitation rates exceed infiltration rates. In the long-term, we need to think about management strategies to deal with erratic and extreme weather. In the short-term, what about finding some niches on the farm where cover crops can lessen the damage? Continue reading

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Getting cover crop seeds (in a quantity you can use) and putting them in the ground

This morning, I received a timely question from a a farmer in New Jersey: “Is the ‘Tillage Radish’  that is protected / copyrighted a better product than say, Forage Radish from Fedco seeds?” Good question, and I had just been ruminating on the need to write about some critical details of how to get cover crop seeds and the best way to put them in the ground to prepare for no-till vegetables next spring. Continue reading

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As the world turns: reflections on daylight, temperature, and why you need to seed your fall cover crops NOW

Update February 2015: read more about Jan’s work in this more recent post, with links to an eOrganic webinar he presented in January, 2015.

Back to the original post…

If you’re in the no-till vegetable world (especially if you’re an organic grower), you’ve either met Jan or you will meet Jan over the next couple of months.

Jan and Natalie during Jan's visit to Maine. A baby forage radish was sacrificed for this photo.

Jan and Natalie during Jan’s visit to Maine. A baby forage radish was sacrificed for this photo.

Jan-Hendrik Cropp is an organic no-till enthusiast from Germany who is learning everything he possibly can from those of us trying out bits and pieces of organic no-till in the states. After his trip, I may just hand this blog over to him. But before that, I want to highlight a couple of big differences between crop production where Jan is and where we are (the Northeastern US), all with the take home message that if you want good enough cover crops for no-till next year (both high-residue and low-residue), you need to start putting seeds in the ground NOW (well, depends where you are, but very soon!). Forage radish needs to go in before overwintering cover crops like rye and vetch. Continue reading

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From small seeds to big roots: no-till organic carrots in Maine

We all have biases. In research, we randomize things and establish clear rules to avoid having our biases influence results. But I have concluded that it doesn’t violate any rules of research for me to admit one bias: I like carrots better than spinach. After years of working with spinach as our primary spring vegetable crop in research (just look through this blog…), I was quite excited to no-till seed some carrots this spring in Maine and see how they’d do. Continue reading

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No-till in New England: spinach results and carrots sneak peek

No-till spinach in Maine on June 22, 2014 before the second picking. Spinach was seeded using a MaterMacc seeder on April 22 into a dead forage radish cover crop that was seeded in early August the following year.

No-till spinach in Maine on June 22, 2014 before the second picking. Spinach was seeded using a MaterMacc seeder on April 22 into a dead forage radish cover crop that was seeded in early August the previous year.

We’ve entered our first heat wave in Maine, and the spinach has done what spinach does in the heat– hurry to reproduce. Before it bolted, I was able to get two successive harvests of pretty nice looking spinach (if I do say so myself) from our experimental plots. When setting out this experiment last August, we had a few questions, but the simplest one was: is this even going to work in the frigid north? A couple of weeks ago I reported that things were looking pretty good, and now I have some data to share along with more photos. Continue reading

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What comes up vs. what went down: comparing seeders for no-till veggies

A few months ago, I wrote about our trials with some push seeders for no-till seeding, and I also posted a video about precision seeders like the Monosem and MaterMacc.

Getting a good stand is the first step toward any successful crop, and this requires that the seeder drop seeds at uniform and desired spacing and depth, that the seed-soil contact is adequate, that nature provides enough moisture and warmth to initiate germination, and that the soil is friable enough for the cotyledons to push their way through. Continue reading

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